Big Brother is Monitoring: Texting/Paging in the Workplace

Mom always said, “think before you speak,” but nowadays that advice extends to “think before you type” – especially when it’s on your employer’s keyboard.

In the case of the City of Ontario, CA v. Quon, the U.S. Supreme Court upheld the rights of employers to monitor employee communications, in the public and private sector. Mr. Quon had asserted that he had been subjected to an unreasonable "search" under the Fourth Amendment of the Constitution because the city of Ontario, his employer, had read the messages on his pager.

This is a California case but was watched in all jurisdictions because it could be very influential.  However, as True/Slant points out, this opinion may be limited in its applicability to other employees, since Quon works for the government and the law differs somewhat for public employees.

The electronic monitoring policy of the police department, for whom Quon worked, was not very precise or completely distinctive. We join many other bloggers who have commented in asserting that common sense – and now the law – dictates that employers should eliminate ambiguities in their policies. This, however, may be easier said than done, considering the emerging concepts in this new field – including the lack of technical proficiency from the Courts. (The Wall Street Journal Law Blog reported that our esteemed Supreme Court judges are not exactly “tech-savvy,” and needed some explanations regarding pagers, cell phones, etc.)

When it comes down it, why would an employee take a chance to text on an employer’s device? Perhaps because it’s convenient, and who’s really going to carry two electronic devices, one for professional and one for private use? An employer’s device is probably better technology than something one would purchase for oneself. But, if the messages are really meant to be private, is it worth taking the risk?
 

"Textual Harassment" Case Raises Privacy Issues

In a previous post, we cautioned that employees should never use company-owned computer equipment for any personal communication, specifically e-mail messages, that they wish to remain confidential.

Now it’s going a step further.

According to a recent Law.com post, the same caution should apply to texting. The post, discusses the diffuculties of investigating cases of "textual harassment."  That there are such cases should give us pause.  But, Law.com goes on to state that the federal Stored Communications Act generally makes it unlawful for employers to intentionally access stored electronic communications such as e-mails and text messages without an employee's authorization or in excess of authorization. HOWEVER, if the employer is the provider of the communications service (Blackberry, cell phone, etc.) used to store the electronic communications, or the employee agrees, the employer may access such communications.

Employees need to remember that messages are not just stored in computers or handhelds, but may be in a server somewhere, maybe in a computing “cloud”. So we're going to reiterate our earlier warning: employees can't assume they have privacy rights when using an employer's facilities for email, and now, texting.

According to the post, employers need to be wary as well. The Electronic Communications Protection Act prohibits an employer from intercepting in-transit electronic communications unless the employee consents; the employer is a party to the communication; or the employer provides the electronic communications service and intercepting the messages is necessary to protect the employer's property rights.

We would add, as we have said before with resect to e-mail, make your electronic communications policy clear so that there is no ambuguity about employee's reasonable expectations of privacy (or, more importantly, the lack thereof).

These points simplify a complex area where law and technology converge but they provide a good starting point for coping with future developments in both.